Automatic Vehicle Identification by Number Plate Recognition Using Hough Transformation

Automatic Vehicle Identification by Number Plate Recognition Using Hough Transformation
Authors:V.SUNITHA, K.DURGA PRASAD

Abstract: Automatic license plate recognition (LPR) plays an important role in numerous applications and a number of techniques have been proposed. However, most of them worked under restricted conditions, such as fixed illumination, limited vehicle speed, designated routes, and stationary backgrounds. In this study, as few constraints as possible on the working environment are considered. The proposed LPR technique consists of two main modules: a license plate locating module and a license number identification module. The former characterized by fuzzy disciplines attempts to extract license plates from an input image, while the latter conceptualized in terms of neural subjects aims to identify the number present in a license plate. In This proposed algorithm consists of three major parts: Extraction of plate region, segmentation of characters and recognition of plate characters. For extracting the plate region, edge detection algorithms and smearing algorithms are used. In segmentation part, smearing algorithms, filtering and some morphological algorithms are used. And finally statistical based template matching is used for recognition of plate characters. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested on real images. Based on the experimental results, we noted that our algorithm shows superior performance in car license plate recognition.

Keywords: Color edge detector, license plate locating, license plate recognition (LPR), self-organizing (SO) character recognition, spring model, topological sorting, two-stage fuzzy aggregation.

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Simulation of Grid Connected Renewable Energy Sources with Power Quality Improvement Using Fuzzy Logic Controller

Simulation of Grid Connected Renewable Energy Sources with Power Quality Improvement Using Fuzzy Logic Controller

Authors : J.Krishnaveni , D.Srilatha

Abstract: The increased power demand, the depletion of the fossil fuel resources and the growth of the environmental pollution has led the world to think seriously of other alternative sources of energy. So renewable energy resources (RES) are being connected to the distribution systems, mostly done by using power electronic converters. A new control strategy for achieving maximum advantage from these grid-interfacing inverters which are when installed in 3-phase 4-wire distribution systems is given in this paper. With the inverter control, the inverter can be used as a multi-function device, which includes the function of: 1) power converter to inject power generated from RES to the grid, and 2) shunt APF to compensate current unbalance, load current harmonics, load reactive power demand and load neutral current. These functions of the inverter can be done either individually or simultaneously. The proposed inverter with the control when connected, helps the 3-phase 4-wire linear/non-linear unbalanced load at point of common coupling appear as balanced linear load to the grid. In this control strategy fuzzy based system is used for performance improvement with MATLAB/Simulink simulation studies, the proposed control technique is demonstrated and evaluated here.

Keywords: Distributed Generation (DG), Distribution System, Grid Interconnection, Power Quality (PQ), Renewable Energy, Point of Common Coupling (PCC).

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Fuzzy Logic Control Based DTC-SVM Adaptive Stator Flux Observer For Induction Motors

Fuzzy Logic Control Based DTC-SVM Adaptive Stator Flux Observer For Induction Motors
Authors:C. ASHOK KUMAR, S. UMA MAHESWARI, C. SUBBA RAMI REDDY

Abstract: A combination of Direct Torque Control (DTC) and Space Vector Modulation (SVM) for an Induction Motor (IM) drive is defined in this paper. A two-level SVPWM inverter is delivered to the induction motor drive. Using IM model in the stator D-Q axes reference frame. The inverter voltage is achieved based on input- output feedback linearization control. This paper signifies a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) for the proposed system. The inputs to the fuzzy logic controller are the variables of speed error and change of speed error whereas the output is change in switching torque. The effectiveness and validity of the proposed control approach, attained from the variable methods those are DTC-SVM and FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL are compared by simulation results. 

Keywords: Direct Torque Control (DTC), Adaptive Stator Flux Observer Feedback Linearization, Robust, Space Vector Modulation, And Fuzzy Logic Control. 

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Personalized QoS Ranking Prediction Framework for Cloud Services

Personalized QoS Ranking Prediction Framework for Cloud Services
Authors:A. AMARESWARI, S. SIVASKANDHA, CH. RAJAKISHORE

Abstract: Building prime quality cloud applications become associate degree in real time needed analysis downside in cloud computing technology. Non-functional performance of cloud services is often represented by Quality of Service (QoS). To accumulate QoS values, real-world usage of services candidates are typically needed. At this time, there\'s no framework that may permit users to estimate cloud services and rank them supported their QoS values. This paper intends to framework and a mechanism that measures the standard and ranks cloud services for the users. Cloud Rank framework by taking the advantage of past service usage experiences of different users. So it will avoid the time overwhelming and dear world service invocation. This man oeuvre determines the QoS ranking directly mistreatment the two customized QoS ranking prediction approach i.e., CloudRank1 and CloudRank2. These algorithms certify that the active services are accurately satisfied. The inside purpose is ranking prediction of consumer facet QoS properties, that doubtless have completely different values for dissimilar users of the similar cloud service. It estimates every and each one the someone services at the user-side and rank the services supported the discovered QoS values.

Keywords: Quality of Service (QoS).

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Optimal Route Query Processing on Temporal Constraints Using BFS Algorithm

Optimal Route Query Processing on Temporal Constraints Using BFS Algorithm
Authors:E. SREEJA, N. SANDEEP CHAITANYA

Abstract: Given a set of spatial believability DS, commemoration of which is connected with total data, e.g., restaurant, pub, and so forth, the ideal boulevard concern finds the shortcut path that begins from the worry, and spreads a client detailed set of classes. The client should determine fragmentary conformity stipulations in the midst of modified classes, e.g., a restaurant must be gone by before a pub. Past arrangement has concentrated on a fitting case zone the worry contains without a doubt the change of all classifications to be gone to. What's more, we quarrel how the proposed strategies can be acclimatized to affirmation an option of the ideal boulevard inquiries, in which the course just needs to canopy a subset of the acclimated classifications. Broad investigations, application both outright and built modified works sets, avow that the proposed arrangements are capable and reasonable, and beat supreme systems by abundant edges. 

Keywords: Computations, Significant, Acknowledgement


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Calculate Future for Mobile Social System using Cloud Computing

Calculate Future for Mobile Social System using Cloud Computing
Authors:JAGADISH SHARMA UPADHYAYULA, D.SRINIVAS

Abstract: The recent cloud computing technology, with its rich resources to compensate for the limitations of mobile devices and connections, can potentially provide an ideal platform to support the desired mobile services. In this paper, we calculate Features for Mobile-Social TV System using Cloud Computing (CloudMoV) is proposed. This system effectively utilizes both PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service) and IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service) cloud services to offer the living-room experience of video watching to a group of disparate mobile users who can interact socially while sharing the video. A surrogate, performs efficient stream transcoding that matches the current connectivity quality of the mobile user is introduced. In this paper, we propose the design of a Cloud-based, novel Mobile Social TV system (CloudMoV). The system effectively utilizes both PaaS (Platform-asa-Service) and IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service) cloud services to offer the living-room experience of video watching to a group of disparate mobile users who can interact socially while sharing the video. To guarantee good streaming quality as experienced by the mobile users with time-varying wireless connectivity, we employ a surrogate for each user in the IaaS cloud for video downloading and social exchanges on behalf of the user. In cloud mobile social TV, mobile users can import a live or on-demand video to watch from any video streaming site and invite their friends to watch the video concurrently, and chat with their friends while enjoying the video. It therefore blends viewing experience and social awareness among friends on the move. Social interactions among the users, in terms of spontaneous textual exchanges, are effectively achieved by efficient designs of data storage with BigTable and dynamic handling of large volumes of concurrent messages in a typical PaaS cloud. These various designs for flexible transcoding capabilities, battery efficiency of mobile devices and spontaneous social interactivity together provide an ideal platform for mobile social TV services. 

Keywords: Computers And Information Processing, Mobile Computing, Communications Technology, TV, Mobile TV. 

INTRODUCTION 

          There has been an rapid reinvention in the smartphones [30] by combining the features of a mobile phone with those of another popular consumer device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a media player, a digital camera, and/or a GPS navigation unit. Modern smartphones include all of those features plus the features of a laptop, including web browsing, Wi-Fi, and third party applications and accessories, multiple microprocessor core and gigabyte RAMs. The most popular smartphones today are powered by Google's Android and Apple's iOS and the wide deployment of 3G broadband cellular networks. Many mobile social or media applications have emerged, truly gaining mass acceptance and are still impeded by the limitations of the current mobile and wireless technologies, among which battery lifetime and unstable connection bandwidth are the most difficult ones.

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Improved Power Quality for Renewable Power Generation Systems Presence of Non-Linear Loads

Improved Power Quality for Renewable Power Generation Systems Presence of Non-Linear Loads
Authors:A. NAGENDRA BABU, M. RAMA MOHAN RAO

Abstract: The performance analysis of four-leg voltage-source inverter using a Fuzzy logic control scheme is presented. The use of a four-leg voltage-source inverter allows the reduction of current harmonic components, as well as unbalanced and Negative sequence currents generated by single-phase nonlinear loads. A comparison of the proposed method against the conventional proportional integral is illustrated with inverter topologies through simulation results and a clear advantage of the fuzzy logic control can be observed. 

Keywords: Active Power Filter, Current Control, Predictive Control, Four-Leg Converters, Fuzzy Controller.

INTRODUCTION 

       DG’s affects power quality due to its nonlinearity. The non-uniform nature of power generation directly affects voltage regulation and creates voltage distortion in power systems. This new scenario in power distribution systems will require more sophisticated compensation techniques. Although active power filters implemented with three-phase four-leg voltage-source inverters (4L-VSI) have already been presented in technical literature. The primary contribution of this paper is Fuzzy logic controller designed and implemented specifically for this application. Traditionally, active power filters have been controlled using a predictive control technique, such as fuzzy logic or adaptive, for the current as well as for the dc-voltage loops. Fuzzy controllers use the non-linear model, which is closer to real operating conditions compare to predictive control. An accurate model obtained using fuzzy controller improves the performance of the active power filter, especially during transient operating conditions, because it can quickly follow the current-reference signal while maintaining a constant dcvoltage. The mathematical model of the 4L-VSI and the principles of operation of the proposed predictive control scheme, including the design procedure. The complete description of the selected current reference generator implemented in the active power filter is also presented.

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A New Strategy to Control Reactive Power of a PMS Wind Generator with Matrix Converter

A New Strategy to Control Reactive Power of a PMS Wind Generator with Matrix Converter
Authors:C. JAYA KRISHNA, K. MEENENDRANATH REDDY, G. VENKATA SURESH BABU

Abstract: In this paper, a new strategy is proposed to increase the maximum achievable grid-side reactive power of a matrix converter-fed PMS wind generator. Unlike conventional back-to-back converters in which a huge dc-link capacitor makes the control of the generator and grid-side converters nearly independent, a matrix converter control the generator and grid-side quantities simultaneously. Matrix converter is a direct AC-AC converter topology that is able to directly convert energy from an AC source to an AC load without the need of a bulky and limited lifetime energy storage element. Due to the significant advantages offered by matrix converter, such as adjustable power factor, capability of regeneration and high quality sinusoidal input/output waveforms, matrix converter has been one of the AC–AC topologies that receive extensive research attention for being an alternative to replace traditional AC-DC-AC converters in the variable voltage and variable frequency AC drive applications. Different methods for controlling a matrix converter input reactive power is investigated. It is shown that in some modulation methods, the grid-side reactive current is made from the reactive part of the generator-side current. In other modulation techniques the grid side reactive current is made from the active part of the generator-side current. In the proposed method, which is based on a generalized SVD (singular valued decomposition) modulation method, the grid side reactive current is made from both active and reactive parts of the generator-side current. In existing strategies, a decrease in generator speed and output active and reactive power will decrease the grid-side reactive power capability. A new control structure is proposed which uses the free capacity of the generator reactive power to increase the maximum achievable grid-side reactive power. Simulation results for a case study show an increase in the grid-side reactive power at all wind speeds if the proposed method is employed. 

Keywords: Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), Matrix Converter, Reactive Power Control, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) Modulation, Space Vector Modulation (SVM).

 INTRODUCTION

         In an integrated power system, efficient management of active and reactive power flows is very important. Quality of power supply is judged from the frequency and voltage of the power supply made available to the consumers. While frequency is the measure of balance between power generated (power available) and MW demand impinged on the system, the voltage is indicative of reactive power flows. In a power system, the ac generators and EHV and UHV transmission lines generate reactive power. Industrial installations whether small or large as also the irrigation pump motors, water supply systems draw substantial reactive power from the power grid. The generators have limited defined capability to generate reactive power- this is more so in respect of large size generating units of 210 MW/500 MW capacity. Generation of higher reactive power correspondingly reduces availability of useful power from the generators. During light load conditions, there is excess reactive power available in the system since the transmission lines continue to generate the reactive power...

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Novel Carry Select Adder with Low Power Considerations

Novel Carry Select Adder with Low Power Considerations
Authors:AVUTHU VINOD KUMAR REDDY, AVUTHU SRIKANTH REDDY, AYYAGARI RAMYA

Abstract: The CSLA is used in many computational systems to alleviate the problem of carry propagation delay by independently generating multiple carries and then select a carry to generate the sum. However, the CSLA is not area efficient because it uses multiple pairs of Ripple Carry Adders (RCA) to generate partial sum and carry by considering carry input, then the final sum and carry are selected by the multiplexers (mux). The basic idea of this work is to use Binary to Excess-1 Converter (BEC) instead of RCA in the regular CSLA to achieve high speed and low power consumption. 

Keywords: Low Power VLSI; Carry Select; RCA; BEC; VLSI. 

INTRODUCTION 

        The major speed limitation in any adder is in the production of carries and many authors have considered the addition problem. The basic idea of the proposed work is using n-bit Binary to Excess-1 Converters (BEC) to improve the speed of addition. This logic can be implemented with Carry Select Adder to Achieve Low Power and Area Efficiency. The proposed 32-bit Carry Select Adder compared with the Carry Skip Adder (CSKA) and Regular 32-bit Carry Select Adder. The CSLA is used in many computational systems to alleviate the problem of carry propagation delay by independently generating multiple carries and then select a carry to generate the sum.

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Mitigation of Harmonics in Seven Level Inverter by using PSO Algorithm

Mitigation of Harmonics in Seven Level Inverter by using PSO Algorithm
Authors:B.RAJITHA

Abstract: In nowadays the multilevel inverters are increased due to their ability to generate high quality output wave forms with low switching frequency. The different multilevel inverter structures are Cascaded H-Bridge, diode clamped and flying capacitor multilevel inverter. A Cascaded H-bridge Inverter (CHB) is a multilevel topology which is formed from the series connection of H-bridge cells. In this paper the Selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation strategy is eliminating low-order harmonics by solving nonlinear equations. The selective harmonic elimination method (SHE-PWM) at fundamental frequency switching scheme has been implemented using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm that produces all possible solution sets when they exist. In comparison with other suggested methods, the proposed technique has many advantages such as: it can produce all possible solution sets for any numbers of multilevel inverter without much computational burden; speed of convergence is fast etc. This paper is to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) and elimination of selective lower order harmonics such as 5thand 7th order with minimum harmonic distortion and obtain desired fundamental voltage. The results prove that the PSO algorithm converges successfully to the global solution faster than other algorithms. The simulation will be obtained by using MATLAB/SIMULINK. 

Keywords: Multilevel Inverters, Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHEPWM), Cascaded H-Bridge, Particle Swarm Optimization. 

INTRODUCTION 

        In recent years, Multilevel Inverters have received more attention because of their ability to generate high quality output waveforms with low switching frequency. Multilevel Inverters have been considered as an optimum choice to provide better quality power to the load. In Multilevel Inverters the desired output voltage is achieved by Suitable low combination of multiple low dc voltage sources used at the input side. As the number of dc sources increases the output voltage will be pure closer to sinusoidal waveform. In this paper, an attempt has been made to improve the quality of power. There are three types of conventional structures for multilevel inverters such as diode clamped multilevel inverter, flying capacitor multilevel inverter and cascaded multilevel inverter. There are many popular methods are used to reduce the harmonics in order to get an effective results. The methods for high switching frequency are Sinusoidal PWM and Space Vector PWM. For low switching frequency methods are space vector modulation and selective harmonic elimination. The spwm, svpwm techniques are don’t eliminate low order harmonics. So the selective harmonic mitigation (SHM-PWM) technique for generating pwm signals that can be eliminate selected lower order harmonics from voltage sources inverter.

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